中国近代民主思想的发展及历史作用研究

Research on the Development and Historical Role of Democratic Thought in Modern China

中国近代的民主思想是在中西方政治文化撞击交融过程中发展起来的,中国先进知识分子在继承弘扬中国古代传统民本思想的基础上吸收学习西方资产阶级民主思想,并逐步完成了在民主思想观念上的进步。中国近代民主思想的发展历经萌芽、产生、发展、成熟、转变五个时期,对中国近代社会思想、政治、经济等方面产生深远影响,推动了中国社会历史向前发展。中国近代民主思想的历史作用表现为思想方面是解放国民思想,实现观念转换;政治方面是推翻封建王朝,结束君主专制;经济方面是解放生产力,促进经济发展。

Modern Chinese democratic thought developed in the process of the political and cultural collision between China and the West.On the basis of the inheritance and promotion of ancient China’s traditional people-centered thought,the advanced intellectuals absorbed and learned Western bourgeois democratic thought and gradually achieving advancement in democratic thought.Modern Chinese democratic thought has evolved through five stages:germination,emergence,development,maturity and transformation,each of which has had a profound impact on modern Chinese social ideology,politics and economy as well as advancing the development of Chinese social history.The historical role of modern Chinese democratic thought is manifested in the ideological aspect of liberating national thought and realizing the transformation of ideas;the political aspect of overthrowing the feudal dynasty and ending the monarchical dictatorship;and the economic aspect of liberating the productive forces and promoting the economic development.