价值论视域下柏拉图“诗哲之争”的矛盾调和

Contradiction and Reconciliation of Plato’s Dispute Between Poetry and Philosophy from the Perspective of Axiology

西方哲学史上自古即有“诗哲之争”,该争论主要讨论哲学与文学(诗)的关系。柏拉图在“诗哲之争”中基本观点是哲学超越诗学,柏拉图对诗持有强烈的贬斥态度,柏拉图认为诗人的作品对认识真理几乎无价值。在柏拉图诗论中,柏拉图认识到诗的感性与理性的二重指向,并对诗贬而不废,提倡以真善美为导向而作出的“哲学诗”,由此形成自身的诗教思想。在诗教思想中,柏拉图主张诗歌不仅应通达真理,更应具有价值导向,能够服务于理想城邦的建设,在该诗教思想中,诗哲之争的矛盾得到一定程度的调和。

In the history of Western philosophy,there has been the“poetic-philosophical controversy”since ancient times,which mainly discussed the relationship between philosophy and literature(poetry).Plato’s basic view in this controversy is that philosophy transcends poetics.He held a strongly deprecatory attitude towards poetry,arguing that poets’works are almost worthless for gaining the knowledge of truth.In Plato’s theory of poetry,he recognized the dual direction of sensibility and rationality in poetry and advocated“philosophical poetry”oriented to truth,goodness and beauty,thus forming his own poetic thought.And in his thought of the education function of poetry,Plato advocated that poetry should not only communicate the truth,but also be value-oriented and serve the construction of an ideal city-state.In this poetic thought,the contradiction between poetry and philosophy has been reconciled to a certain extent.