群体感应调控有机污染物生物降解研究进展

Research progress on quorum sensing regulation of organic pollutants biodegradation

有机污染物的生物降解效果受微生物活性影响,群体感应是微生物控制其生理活性的重要机制。在有机污染物生物降解过程中,群体感应对关键降解酶的合成、生物膜的形成以及菌群结构的调控等产生影响。直接投加群体感应信号分子或能产生信号分子的菌剂可促进群体感应调控,提高污染物降解率,但pH、温度、群体感应淬灭菌、纳米颗粒物等环境因素可影响群体感应的活性。当前,群体感应调控有机污染物生物降解的研究尚处于起步阶段。综述了相关研究进展,介绍了群体感应对有机污染物生物降解的影响机理,归纳了强化群体感应调控的方式和影响群体感应活性的主要环境因素,并对其应用前景进行了展望。

The biodegradation of organic pollutants is influenced by microbial activities,and quorum sensing(QS)is a crucial mechanism that regulates physiological activities.During the biodegradation process of organic pollutants,QS affects the synthesis of key enzymes for degradation,the formation of biofilms,the regulation of microbial community structure,etc.Furthermore,directly adding QS signaling molecules or using bacterial agents that produce such molecules can promote QS regulation,thereby enhancing organic pollutants biodegradation rates.However,environmental factors like pH,temperature,quorum quenching bacteria,nanoparticles,etc.,can negatively impact QS activities.Currently,research on QS regulation of organic pollutant biodegradation is still in its early stages.This review summarizes the progress of related research,discusses the mechanisms of QS on the biodegradation of organic pollutants,outlines strategies to enhance QS regulation,identifies the main environmental factors affecting QS activities,and provides prospects for its application.