营养水平和饲喂方式对蜀兴1号商品兔生长性能及经济效益的影响

Effects of Different Nutrition Level and Feeding Mode on Growth Performanceand Economic Benefits of Shuxing 1 Commercial Rabbits

【目的】研究饲粮中不同营养水平和饲喂方式对蜀兴1号商品兔生长性能、屠宰性能及经济效益的影响。【方法】选择360只28日龄蜀兴1号商品兔,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复18只(公母各半)。1组高营养水平-自由采食,2组高营养水平-限制饲喂,3组低营养水平-自由采食,4组低营养水平-限制饲喂。77日龄饲养试验结束时每组随机选择12只屠宰,测定宰前活重、全净膛重、半净膛重等屠宰性能。【结果】(1)低营养水平组的56、77 d体重及28~56、28~77 d日增重显著高于高营养水平组(P<0.05),28~56、28~77 d的腹泻率显著低于高营养水平组(P<0.05)。自由采食条件下的56、77 d体重、28~56 d日增重和料重比、56~77 d料重比以及28~77 d日增重均显著高于限饲组(P<0.05),56~77 d日增重、28~56 d期间的腹泻率以及28~77 d期间的腹泻率和死亡率均显著低于限饲组(P<0.05)。营养水平与饲喂方式的互作效应对蜀兴1号商品兔28~56 d和28~77 d的腹泻率有显著影响(P<0.05),对其余生长性能指标无显著影响(P>0.05)。(2)自由采食组的宰前活重、全净膛重和半净膛重显著高于限饲组(P<0.05)。高营养水平的宰前活重显著低于低营养水平,屠宰性能无显著差异(P>0.05)。饲喂方式显著影响蜀兴1号商品兔的屠宰性能(P<0.05),自由采食组的各指标高于限饲组。(3)不同营养水平和饲喂方式对蜀兴1号商品兔经济效益无显著影响(P>0.05)。【结论】营养水平和饲喂方式显著影响蜀兴1号商品兔的体重和腹泻率。采用低营养水平进行自由采食饲喂可获得最佳收益。

【Objective】The experiment was conducted to study the effect of different dietary nutrition levels and feeding modes on growth performance,slaughter performance and economic benefits of Shuxing 1 commercial rabbits.【Method】36028-day-old Shuxing 1 commercial rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups.5 replicates were set in each group and each replicate had 18 rabbits(half male and half female).Combination of high nutrition level and free feeding were set in group 1,high nutrition level and restricted feeding were set in group 2,low nutrition level and free feeding were set in group 3,low nutrition level and restricted feeding were set in group 4.After the 77-day-old feeding,12 rabbits from each group were randomly selected and the slaughter performance such as pre-slaughter body,all carcass weight,half carcass weight were measured.【Result】①The 56 and 77 d body weight,28-56 and 28-77 d daily gain under low nutrient level were significantly higher than those in high nutrient level group(P<0.05).The diarrhea rate of 28-56 and 28-77 d were significantly lower than those in high nutrient level group(P<0.05).The 56 and 77 d body weight,28-56 d daily gain and feed gain ratio,56-77 d feed gain ratio and 28-77 d daily gain under free feeding condition were significantly higher than those in restricted feeding group(P<0.05).The 56-77 d daily gain,28-56 and 28-77 d diarrhea rate,28-77 d mortality rate were significantly lower than those in restricted feeding group(P<0.05).The interaction effect of nutrition level and feeding methods had significant effects on diarrhea rate at 28-56 and 28-77 d(P<0.05),but had no significant effects on other growth performance indexes of Shuxing 1 commercial rabbits(P>0.05).②The pre-slaughter body weight,all carcass weight and half carcass weight of free feeding group were significantly higher than those of restricted feeding group(P<0.05).The pre-slaughter body weight of high nutrient level was significantly lower than that of low nutrient level,and there was no significant difference in slaughter performance(P>0.05).Feeding methods significantly affected the slaughter performance of Shuxing 1 commercial rabbits(P<0.05),and the indexes of free feeding group were higher than those of restricted feeding group.③The different dietary nutrition levels and feeding modes had no significantly affected on the economic benefit of Shuxing 1 commercial rabbits(P>0.05).【Conclusion】The body weight and diarrhea rate of Shuxing 1 commercial rabbits were significantly affected by nutrition level and feeding mode.The best benefits could be obtained by free feeding with low nutrition level.