女性受教育程度与代际居住模式

The Impact of Women's Education on Intergenerational Coresidence

代际居住模式与养老模式、人口老龄化问题密切相关。本文从女性视角出发,分析了女性受教育程度与家庭居住模式的关系。本研究基于实施义务教育法的准自然实验,使用2005年全国人口抽样调查数据,利用工具变量法识别女性受教育年限对代际同住的影响。结果表明,女性受教育程度提升显著降低了其与配偶父母同住的概率。进一步,本文发现教育通过提升女性的家庭地位、让女性拥有更平等现代的价值观念、生育子女数量下降等渠道,使得代际居住模式发生改变。本文从女性受教育程度提高的角度,为我国家庭小型化趋势提供了一个新的解释维度,同时也为女性受教育程度提高,使得孩子更可能继承母亲姓氏、改变女性相关认知等提供了证据。在老龄化和教育持续扩张背景下,本研究对于从国家战略高度应对人口老龄化、养老体系的构建与完善有重要现实意义。

Intergenerational coresidence is closely related to the issues of elderly care and population aging.This article analyzes the relationship between women's education level and intergenerational coresidence.Based on the 2005 population census sampling survey data,this study identifies the impact of women's education on intergenerational co-residence,based on the implementation of compulsory education law.The results show that the improvement of women's education level significantly reduces the probability of co-residence with their spouse's parents.Furthermore,the mechanisms show that education promotes the possibility of children taking their mother's surname,enables women to possess more equal and modern values,and reduces the number of children born.This article provides a new explanation for the trend of small-sized families in China,and also providing new evidence for the enhanced family bargaining power of women through education.