环境哲学中科学认知主义的真美善统一问题

The Unification of Truth,Beauty and Goodness of Scientific Cognitivism in Environmental Philosophy

如何贯通环境科学、环境审美和环境伦理是追求规范性和客观性的科学认知主义所难以解决的一个棘手问题。造成这一问题的根本原因在于科学认知主义者所秉持的认识论科学观。这种认识论科学观具有确定性、客观性、规范性等特点,但其事实和价值的二分与主体和客体的二分却割裂了人与环境的整体关系,造成了关于环境的真、美、善分离。经验自然主义的科学概念对摆脱这一困境具有启发性。科学所具有的情境性、工具性和人文性特点决定了作为求真的科学可以连带出来审美和伦理的意蕴。由此出发,我们就可以在某种意义上把关于环境的真、美、善统一起来,并最终走向知行合一的实践性环境哲学。

How to connect environmental science,environmental aesthetics and environmental ethics is a difficult problem for scientific cognitivism,which pursues normativity and objectivity.The root cause of this problem lies in the epistemological view of science held by scientific cognitivists.This epistemological view of science is characterized by certainty,objectivity,and normativity,but its dichotomy between fact and value and between subject and object has severed the overall relationship between human beings and the environment,resulting in the separation of truth,beauty,and goodness of the environment.The empirical naturalism concept of science is illuminating for getting rid of this dilemma.The contextual,instrumental,and humanistic character of science determines that science as truth-seeking can have aesthetic and ethical connotations attached to it.In this way,we can unify the truth,beauty,and goodness of the environment in a sense,and eventually move toward a practical environmental philosophy that unifies knowledge and action.