中国自贸试验区的历史逻辑、发展实践及未来展望——自贸试验区设立10周年的研究述评与实践回顾

Historical Logic,Development Practice and Future Prospect of China's Pilot Free Trade Zones:Research Comment and Practical Review of Pilot Free Trade Zones in the Past 10 Years

自贸试验区建设是新时代中国进一步扩大开放的试验田,也是链接“双循环”的重要平台和关键节点,对推动经济实现高质量发展具有重要意义。目前,学者们围绕自贸试验区建设展开了热烈讨论,形成了丰富的研究成果,但是,这些成果在很大程度上仍散落在不同研究领域,缺乏系统评判和比较分析,针对理论脉络与实践发展的综合考察仍欠充分。自贸试验区从2013年设立至今已逾10年历程,站在新的历史起点,本文尝试从自贸试验区建设的历史逻辑出发,系统总结了自贸试验区的理论渊源和演进历程,详细分析了自贸试验区在各项制度创新领域的发展实践,以及这些发展实践究竟会如何驱动中国经济实现高质量发展,并提出了自贸试验区的研究对象有必要拓展至微观企业层面、研究方法有必要多元化和研究议题有待进一步拓展的建议,以期为进一步推进自贸试验区高质量发展,建设对外开放新高地提供借鉴。

The pilot free trade zone is an important initiative to deepen China's opening-up and explore the reform and innovation.Since the establishment of China(Shanghai)pilot free trade zone in 2013,the construction of pilot free trade zones has gone through ten years.During the past ten years,the construction of pilot free trade zones has realized a spatial layout from point to line and from line to surface,and formed a new pattern of opening-up in an all-round way.Through a series of pioneering,integrated and differentiated reform initiatives,pilot free trade zones have become leading areas for the development of new industries,new business forms and new models in China.These achievements have once again demonstrated that reform and opening-up is the source of vitality for the development and progress of contemporary China,and also provided valuable experience for comprehensive deepening of reform.However,there are still problems in the construction of pilot free trade zones,such as insufficient innovation momentum,lack of synergy and duplication of construction.This will hamper the further construction and development of pilot free trade zones.Faced with complex changes in the domestic and international environments,especially in the context of accelerated restructuring of global economic and trade rules and China's accelerated construction of a new development pattern of“dual circulation”,it is necessary to take effective measures to solve these problems at both the theoretical and practical levels,so as to promote the construction of pilot free trade zones to a new level and adapt to new requirements of high-quality economic development.At present,scholars have had discussions on the construction of pilot free trade zones and formed a wealth of theoretical research results,including the examination of historical logic in the conceptual connotation,functional orientation and development history,as well as the exploration of the practical significance in the economic reform,openingup and regional coordinated development.These qualitative and quantitative research results,which combine theory and practice,have laid the foundation for optimizing China's business environment.However,these results are dispersed in different research fields,lacking systematic sorting and comparison,and the comprehensive examination of the theoretical and practical development is also insufficient.In view of this,this study,based on the historical logic of the construction of pilot free trade zones,systematically summarizes the theoretical origin,evolution and historical inevitability of pilot free trade zones,and elaborates in detail on the effectiveness of institutional innovation and policy spillovers of pilot free trade zones in areas of the transformation of governmental functions,investment liberalization,trade facilitation,and financial openness and innovation.In addition,it points out the research direction of pilot free trade zones,especially the research outlook from aspects of research paradigm,research methodology and research topics.