政府主导型校企共建高能级新型研发机构三方演化博弈分析

Tripartite Evolutionary Game Analysis of Government-led University-enterprise Co-construction of High-energy New R&D Institutions

新型研发机构的出现对落实创新驱动发展战略、提高国家技术创新水平具有重要的实践意义。基于高校、政府、科研院所、企业等主体产学研的合作关系,提升了新型研发机构的整体创新能力,但成果转化率并未达到预期目标。旨在对成果转化方面的问题进行有针对性的深入分析,以期为我国高能级新型研发机构的发展提供理论依据和应用指导。梳理了依托科研院所、高校、政府的高能级新型研发机构发展中遇到的瓶颈,并按照不同的标准划分其组建模式以及运行机制的具体类别,构建了以地方政府、高校和企业为主体的博弈模型,探究在该新型研发机构下各主体进行协同创新的合作机制。此外,分析了三方博弈模型演化的稳定性策略并深挖影响高能级新型研发机构成果转化稳定性的因素,分析了协同合作中各参与主体的策略选择;并进一步使用MATLAB数值仿真,分析各主要影响因素对三方主体策略选择积极性与稳定性的影响。研究发现:地方政府协调的有效性对高能级新型研发机构合作稳定性的影响占重要地位,政府的政策倾斜可以帮助企业更好地达成合作,提高企业的创新能力;地方政府向高校提供成果转化经费的分配系数对高校的策略选择积极性影响较大,向企业提供科研经费的股权分配系数对企业的策略选择积极性影响较大;相较于企业,地方政府财政扶持分配比例对高校的影响最为明显;合作主体的合作成本越大,高能级新型研发机构之间建立合作关系的速度就越慢,且对高校的影响最大。

With the new round of scientific and technological change and industrial transformation,the trend of innovation-driven development is pressing,and there is an urgent need for a new type of organization to support the implementation and sustainable development of innovative activities.The emergence of new R&D organizations is of great practical significance to implement the innovation-driven strategy and promote the level of national technological innovation.Based on the cooperative relationship between industry,academia and research of universities,government,research institutes,enterprises and other subjects,the overall innovation ability of new R&D institutions has been improved,but the rate of results transformation has not reached the expected goal.The purpose of this paper is to provide a targeted and in-depth analysis of the transformation of results,to provide a theoretical basis and application guidance for the development of China's high-capacity new R&D institutions.By sorting out the bottlenecks encountered in the development of high-capacity new R&D institutions relying on research institutes,colleges and universities,and the government,this paper studies the specific classification of their formation modes and operation mechanisms according to different criteria,constructs a game model with the local government,colleges and universities,and enterprises as the main body,and explore the cooperation mechanism of the main body for collaborative innovation in this new R&D institution.What's more,we analyze the stability of the evolution of the tripartite game model,explore the factors affecting the stability of the transformation of the results of the high-energy new R&D institutions,and analyze the strategy selection of each participating subject in the collaborative cooperation.MATLAB numerical simulation is further used to analyze the influence of the main influencing factors on the positivity and stability of the strategy selection of the three parties.The study found that the effectiveness of local government coordination plays an important role in influencing the stability of co-operation in high-capacity new R&D organizations,and that the government's policy inclination can help firms to promote better co-operation and improve their innovation capacity;The allocation coefficient of the local government to provide funds for the transformation of results to the university side has a greater impact on the positivity of the university's strategy choice,and the equity allocation coefficient of the research funds provided to the enterprise side has a greater impact on the positivity of the enterprise's strategy choice;the allocation of the local government's financial support to the university has the most obvious impact on the university in comparison to that of the enterprise;the greater the cost of cooperation for the subject of the co-operation is,the slower the establishment of co-operation between high-capacity new R&D institutes is,and it has the most significant impact on the university.