亲密关系状态和性别交叉的刻板印象内容

Cross-category Stereotype Content between Intimate Relationship Status and Gender

亲密关系是重要的社会属性,影响着人们的刻板印象。依据刻板印象内容模型,本研究通过外显和内隐两个方面考察了人们对不同亲密关系状态(从未谈过恋爱、恋爱中、分手、已婚、离婚)和性别交叉的热情与能力刻板印象内容评价。结果发现,(1)人们对关系联结状态人群的热情和能力评价较高,对关系断裂状态人群的热情和能力评价较低;(2)在外显评价中,热情维度上性别相比亲密关系状态对人们评价的影响存在“优势效应”,而在能力维度上亲密关系状态和性别交叉存在“整合效应”;(3)人们对不同亲密关系状态的男女群体的热情和能力评价存在外显和内隐的分离。本研究丰富了交叉类别刻板印象内容的相关理论,拓展了社会认知与社会分类的研究领域。

Intimate relationship status is an important cue for classifying social attributes.Based on the stereotype content model,this study examined the content of warmth and competence stereotypes across relationship status(never been in a intimacy relationship,loving,split up,married,divorced)and gender intersection through both explicit and implicit measures.The results found that(1)people rated the warmth and competence of people in the relationship connection state higher than those in the relationship break state;(2)In the explicit evaluation,there is a“dominance effect”on the influence of gender comparison status on people’s evaluation on the warmth dimension,while there is an“integration effect”on the relationship status and gender crossed on the competence dimension.(3)There is an explicit and implicit separation between people’s evaluation of warmth and competence of male and female groups with different relationship status.On the implicit level,relationship status and gender crossing have no obvious influence on the evaluation of warmth dimension,while on the competence dimension,people have a higher implicit evaluation of relationship fracture group.The research has not only enriched theories on the content of cross-category stereotypes,but also provided a deeper understanding of the social perceptions of people in different intimate relationship situations.