方言线索对亲社会行为的影响:社会阶层与心理距离知觉的中介作用

The Influence of Dialect Cues on Prosocial Behavior:The Mediating Role of Social Class and Psychological Distance

方言作为日常交流的一种语言类型,其包含的社会阶层信号对人们的社会互动有着重要影响。本研究采用独裁者博弈范式,以南京和徐州方言为例,比较个体对来自不同经济水平地区方言者的亲社会行为的差异。两个研究的结果表明,方言具有潜在的社会阶层信号效应,即相较于来自相对经济水平较高地区(如南京)的方言者,被试判断来自相对经济水平较低地区(如徐州)的方言者社会阶层更低,并对其表现出更少的亲社会行为。此外,心理距离知觉完全中介了方言类型对亲社会行为的影响。

Dialects is a typical form of language in daily communication and it contains social class signals,which has an important impact on people’s social interaction.Taking Nanjing and Xuzhou dialects as examples,the present study compared individual’s prosocial level toward dialect speakers from regions of different economic status.Results of two studies showed that dialects have potential social class signal effect,that is,compared to dialect speaker from relatively high economic level regions(i.e.,Nanjing),individuals perceived dialect speakers from relatively low economic level regions(i.e.,Xuzhou)have lower social status and showed lower prosocial behaviors toward them.In addition,psychological distance perceptions mediated the effect of dialect types on prosociality toward dialect speakers.