太空领域中的人类增强:伦理挑战及其规制研究

On the Ethical Challenges and Their Regulation of Human Enhancement in Outer Space

人类增强是科技伦理学的热点之一。目前,学界将注意力聚焦在地球情景中的常规增强。倘若把视野扩展至太空,就会发掘人类增强的一个新的研究子领域:太空领域中的人类增强。太空领域中的人类增强绝非一个伪命题,为了成功执行太空任务,某些增强措施似乎是必要的。然而,太空领域中的人类增强会引发诸多伦理问题,既有治疗与增强划界的老问题,又催生了人类价值观念重塑和道德体系构建的新问题,这些可能会对道德直觉、伦理规范以及公共政策的制定产生重大影响,甚至可能冲击人类的价值体系。太空领域中的人类增强是一项充满未知挑战的议题,研究者们需集思广益,引导太空领域中的人类增强从理论走向实践、从规划走向落地,以助益航天事业稳健发展。

Human enhancement is one of the hotspots in the field of ethics of science and technology,but scholars focus almost only on conventional enhancement on the earth.Changing sight from ground to outer space,we will discover a new research subfield of human enhancement:human enhancement in outer space,which is by no means a false proposition,and certain enhancements appear to be necessary for successful outer space missions.However,the human enhancement in outer space will cause many ethical issues,including not only the existing problems of delimitation between treatment and enhancement,but also such newly emergent problems as the reshaping of human values concept and the construction of moral system,which may significantly affect man's moral intuition,ethical rules,and the formulation of public policies,and may even strike man's value system.Human enhancement in outer space is an issue full of unknown challenges.Researchers are expected to brainstorm for guiding human enhancement in space from theory to practice and from planning to exercising,and helping the steady development of aerospace industry.