中国县城城镇化水平评价及其时空演进

Evaluation and Spatio-temporal Evolution of County Town Urbanization in China

随着县城城镇化越来越受到重视和关注,探索科学方法以测定县城城镇化发展水平,对制定县城城镇化和乡村振兴具体政策具有重要的现实意义。文章首先对县城城镇化概念进行界定,构建多层次评价指标体系,利用历年各省区市数据进行综合评价,然后基于评价结果分析中国县城城镇化的时空演进格局。结果发现:近十多年来中国县城城镇化水平持续提升,但总体水平还较低,尤其是经济城镇化、社会城镇化和土地城镇化三个维度还有很大提升空间;各省区市县城城镇化水平上升轨迹有较好的连续性,其中平均水平较高地区的优势主要体现在经济城镇化和人口城镇化两个维度;中国县城城镇化已经形成了较为稳定的“东高西低”空间聚集格局。在此基础上,进一步提出提升中国县城城镇化总体水平和促进空间结构优化的若干对策建议,以期助力推进中国县城城镇化和乡村振兴。

With the increasing attention paid to county town urbanization,exploring scientific methods to measure its development is of great practical significance for the formulation of specific policies on county urbanization and rural revitalization.This paper firstly defines the concept of county urbanization,and then constructs a multi-level evaluation index system to conduct a comprehensive evaluation by using data from various provinces and cities over the years.Basically,it analyzes the spatio-temporal evolution pattern of county urbanization in China.The results show(1)that in the past decade,the development level of China's county urbanization has continued to improve,but the overall level is still relatively low,and there is still great room for improvement,especially in three dimensions:economic urbanization,social urbanization and land urbanization;(2)that there is preferable continuity in the upward trajectory of the urbanization in all provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities,in which the advantages of better developed regions on average are mainly reflected in two dimensions:economic urbanization and population urbanization;(3)and that Chinese counties'urbanization has formed a relatively stable spatial aggregation pattern,with higher concentration in eastern China and lower concentration in western China.Finally,some countermeasures are further proposed to improve the overall development of Chinese counties'urbanization and promote its spatial structure optimization,so as to help promote county urbanization and rural revitalization.