可持续生计框架下农户闲置宅基地处置意愿的影响因素研究

Study on the influencing factors of farmers'willingness to dispose of vacant homestead under the frame⁃work of sustainable livelihood

基于福建省460份农户调研数据,通过可持续生计框架,运用无序多分类Logit模型对农户的闲置宅基地的处置意愿进行实证研究。研究发现:总体上,农户对闲置宅基地的处置存在多种意愿,但当前处置意愿仍然较低;从具体的生计资本指标影响分析看,宅基地宗数、户均劳动力水平和宅基地政策认知情况等因素对农户宅基地的处置意愿均产生显著正向影响;农户的出租意愿受到是否有城镇住房因素的影响,农户宅基地转让意愿受到家庭现有耕地面积的影响,农户宅基地置换意愿还受到宅基地建筑面积与留村的直系亲属数量、家庭年均收入的影响,农户宅基地退出意愿则受到家庭现有耕地面积、是否担任村干部及家庭保障情况等因子的影响。据此提出:尊重农户多元意愿,采取差异性盘活政策;持续推进宅改政策宣传,促进农户转变私权意识;普及农村职业教育,完善农户社保机制。

Based on the survey data of 460 farmers in Fujian province,this paper conducts an empirical study on farmers'willingness to dispose of vacant homestead using the unordered multi-classification logit model under the sustainable livelihood framework.The result shows that,on the whole,farmers have multiple disposal intention but relatively low at present;From the analysis of specific livelihood capital indicators,factors such as the number of homestead plots,the level of labor per household and the cognition of homestead policies have a significant positive impact on farmers'disposal willingness.The willingness to rent is affected by whether there is urban housing;the willingness to transfer is affected by the area of their existing farmland;the willingness to replace is affected by the building area of their homestead and the number of their immediate family members who stay in the village;the willingness to withdraw from their homestead is affected by such factors as the area of their existing farmland,whether they are village cadres,and family security.Therefore,we should respect farmers'multiple wishes and adopt different revitalization policies,promote the publicity of housing reform policy to change farmers'sense of private rights;popularize rural vocational education and improve the social security mechanism for farmers.