退而不休:农村养老模式变迁研究——以东部地区农村为例

"Active"retirement:a study on the change of rural pension model——based on the rural areas of the eastern region as an example

东部地区农村老年人能够获得稳定的制度性养老保障,但普遍进入非正规就业的劳动力市场,呈现出一种退而不休的自我养老的状态,改变了原有的在家庭资源匮乏条件下伦理型的代际关系。退而不休得以维持有两方面的原因:在地化的工业发展提供了大量适合老年人的工作机会;社会的价值伦理规范为老年人提供了内在动力。研究认为,资源变量对代际关系具有重要作用,与中西部农村相比,东部地区老年人的社会保障与务工收入作为重要的经济资源,缓解了转型过程家庭发展压力所产生的矛盾冲突,代际关系呈现出情感性转向的特点。

The rural elderly in the eastern region can obtain a stable institutional old-age security,but they generally enter the labor market of informal employment,showing a self-support state of being active after retirement,which has changed the original ethical intergenerational relationship under the condition of lack of family resources.Active retirement is sustained for two reasons:localized industrial development has provided a large number of job opportunities suitable for the elderly;The code of values and ethics of society provides an intrinsic motivation for the elderly.Compared with the rural areas in the central and western regions,the social security and migrant income of the elderly in the eastern regions are used as important economic resources,alleviating the contradictions and conflicts caused by the pressure of family development in the transformation process,and the intergenerational relationship shows emotional characteristics.