基于计划行为理论的干预对肌少症老年人肌肉衰减状况及平衡能力的效果

Effect of intervention based on theory of planned behavior on muscle attenuation and balance of the elderly with sarcopenia

目的探讨基于计划行为理论的干预对肌少症老年人肌肉衰减和平衡能力的效果。方法2022年9月至2023年2月,便利抽取河北省石家庄市丽水湾社区和书香苑社区的124例肌少症老年人,抛硬币法将书香苑社区的62例老年人设为对照组,丽水湾社区的62例老年人设为干预组。干预组实施基于计划行为理论的干预,包括行为态度、行为、主观规范、知觉行为控制和行为意向5个方面;对照组保持原来的生活方式,共干预12周。干预前后比较两组握力、5次坐立试验时间、相对四肢骨骼肌指数(RASM)、6 m步速和Berg平衡量表(BBS)评分。结果干预后,干预组握力、RASM、6 m步速和BBS评分显著提高,5次坐立试验时间显著缩短(|Z|>6.257,|t|>28.643,P<0.001),且均优于对照组(|Z|>2.288,|t|>3.177,P<0.05)。结论基于计划行为理论的干预可有效改善肌少症老年人的肌肉衰减,提高平衡能力。

Objective To explore the effect of intervention based on theory of planned behavior on muscle attenuation and balance of the elderly with sarcopenia.Methods From September,2022 to February,2023,124 elderly people with sarcopenia were conveniently sampled from Lishuiwan Community and Shuxiangyuan Community in Shijiazhuang City,Hebei Province.According to the coin toss,62 elderly people from Shuxiangyuan Community were designated as control group,and 62 elderly people from Lishuiwan Community were as intervention group.The intervention group implemented the intervention based on the theory of planned behavior,including behavior attitude,behavior,subjective norms,perceived behavior control and behavior awareness;the control group maintained their original lifestyle,for twelve weeks.Before and after intervention,the grip strength,time of Five-Times-Sit-to-Stand Test,relative appendicular skeletal muscle index(RASM),6-minute walking speed and the score of Berg Balance Scale(BBS)were com‐pared.Results After intervention,the grip strength,RASM,6-minute walking speed,and the score of BBS significantly increased,and the time of Five-Times-Sit-to-Stand Test shortened in the intervention group(|Z|>6.257,|t|>28.643,P<0.001),and they were better in the intervention group than in the control group(|Z|>2.288,|t|>3.177,P<0.05).Conclusion The intervention based on theory of planned behavior can effectively relieve the muscle attenuation of the elderly with sarcopenia,and improve their balance ability.