青贮玉米蠕形菌生物学特性及杀菌剂筛选

Biological Characteristics of Demodex Silage Maize and Fungicides Screening

为理清青贮玉米蠕形菌生物学特性及筛选出防治该类病害的有效药剂,本研究测定不同氮、碳源和pH值对青贮玉米6种蠕形菌菌丝生长的影响及8种杀菌剂对蠕形菌的抑菌作用。结果表明,供试氮源中的酵母提取物、蛋白胨、酶水解酪蛋白和酸水解酪蛋白对6种蠕形菌的生长具有明显的促进作用,供试碳源中甘露醇、蔗糖、淀粉、葡萄糖、麦芽糖和乳糖对6种蠕形菌的生长具有最明显的促进作用。6株菌株在pH值为4~11都可生长,pH值为4、5、9时MH-41(穗状弯孢菌)、CJZ-8(大斑突脐孢菌)、DT-68(新月弯孢菌)和GDX-65(麦根腐平脐蠕孢菌)菌丝生长速率最快。药剂试验表明,50%咯菌腈可湿性粉剂、50%苯醚甲环唑悬浮剂、25%硅唑·咪鲜胺水乳剂和25%吡唑醚菌酯悬浮剂对6种蠕形菌的抑制效果较好。

In order to explore the biological characteristics of the pathogen of silage corn Helminthosporioid fungi and screen effective fungicides to control the disease.In this study,the effects of different carbon sources,nitrogen sources and pH values on the growth of the mycelial growth of six types of helminth fungi in silage cornp and the bacteriostatic effects of eight fungicides on pathogenic bacteria were determined.The results showed that yeast extract,peptone,acid-hydrolyzed casein and enzymatic hydrolyzed casein in the nitrogen source had more obvious effects on the growth of six pathogens and mannitol,sucrose,amylum,glucose,maltose and lactose in the carbon source had the most obvious effects on the growth of six pathogenic fungi.6 strains of Helminthosporioid fungi could grow at pH 4~11,and the mycelial growth rate was the fastest at pH 4,5,9,including MH-41(C.spicifera),CJZ-8(E.turcicum),DT-68(C.lunata)and GDX-65(B.sorokiniana).The test showed that 50%fluroxonil wettable powder,50%phenoxymethyclozole suspension,25%silazole imidazole water emulsion and 25%pyrazolium suspension had the good inhibition effect on 6 kinds of pathogens.