多层治理视域下的欧盟现代学徒制:治理框架与路径

Modern Apprenticeships in the European Union from the Perspective of Multi-level Governance:Governance Framework and Path

欧盟作为当前一体化程度最高的超国家政治行为体,其治理较为复杂多样,涵盖各个领域,呈现出多层治理的特征,在现代学徒制治理方面也得以充分体现。现代学徒制是欧盟职业教育的重要构成部分,是实现人才技能提高和产业结构转型的重要抓手。在多层治理视域下,欧盟现代学徒制治理形成由治理主体、目标与原则、决策管理、政策执行和认证评估构成的完整治理框架,并在具体治理实践中采取统筹多方利益相关者、注重发展规划的连续性、多渠道提供资金支持和积极构建ICT平台的路径,提升了学徒制的质量。

As the supranational political actor with the highest degree of integration,the European Union’s governance is relatively complex and diverse,covering various fields,showing the characteristics of multi-layer governance,which is also fully reflected in the governance of modern apprenticeship.The modern apprenticeship is an important component of EU vocational education and an important starting point for achieving the improvement of talents and skills and the transformation of industrial structure.Based on the perspective of multi-level governance,the European Union modern apprenticeship governance forms a complete governance framework including the governance body,target and principle,decision management,policy implementation,and evaluation,and in the specific governance practice takes the following paths:coordinating multi-stakeholders,paying attention to the continuity of development planning,providing financial support by all kinds of means,and actively building the ICT platform.It improves the quality of apprenticeship.