空间碎片多源数据融合定轨软件SPODFMD简介

Introduction to Orbit Determination Software SPODFMD for Multi-source Data Fusing of Space Debris

空间碎片多源数据融合定轨软件SPODFMD(Spacedebris Precise Orbit Determination Fusing Multi-source Data)是由紫金山天文台卫星精密定轨团组自主研发的一款数值法编目定轨软件,目的是解决国内空间碎片监测网获取的多源数据融合问题.软件设计初期,充分调研了国内主流空间碎片监测设备。考虑到空间碎片轨道和物理特征的复杂性、大量碎片轨道更新对计算效率的要求以及工程应用对稳健性的要求等现实因素,在定轨算法中集成了具有自主知识产权的地球重力势及其偏导数无奇点快速算法、无奇点DTM94(Drag Temperature Model)大气密度模型及其偏导数的解析表达方法、大偏心率轨道密集星历精密快速计算算法以及稳健的自适应加权方法等结合软件工程设计理论,目前已实现了14种主流设备获取数据的任意融合,并取得了典型场景下的秒级定轨速度,适用于高、中、低轨和各种偏心率特点的全轨道碎片,且不存在计算奇点和极性奇点,经初步测试证实了SPODFMD软件的多源性、高效率、通用性和稳健性效果.

The data-fusion orbit determination software SPODFMD(Space debris Precise Orbit Determination fusing Multi-source Data)is developed with the purpose of cataloging space debris,characterized by integrating pure numerical integrators and given birth in the lab of SPOD(Satellite Precise Orbit Determination)at PMO(Purple Mountain Observatory).At the initial stage of the birth,developers fully investigated national space debris monitoring equipment,fully understood the orbit and physical complexity of numerous space debris,fully recognized the requirement for high efficiency when renewing orbits for lots of debris,and fully considered the robustness requirement in engineering.In addition,SPODFMD integrates several algorithms with indigenous intellectual property rights,including a rapid and nonsingular algorithm for computing the Earth's gravitational potential and its derivatives,analytical and non-singular expressions for the DTM94 thermosphere model and its derivatives,an accurate and efficient method for calculating dense ephemeris of high-eccentricity orbit,and a robust adaptive weighting method.Integrating these advanced algorithms by applying software engineering theory,SPODFMD can freely fuse observation data from 14 kinds of equipment,achieving a second-level computation eficiency in a majority of typical orbit determination cases.Moreover,the software shows similar performance for GEO(Geosynchronous Equatorial Orbit),MEO(Medium Earth Orbit),LEO(Low Earth Orbit),and HEO(Highly Elliptical Orbit)objects without computation and pole singularity.It is tested and proved to be multi-source,eficient,general,and robust.