晋中地区2001-2020年水资源时空演化特征分析

Analysis of the Spatio-temporal Evolution Characteristics of Water Resources in Jinzhong Region from 2001 to 2020

晋中是一个水资源严重缺乏的地区,1956年以来水资源总量和人均占有水资源量双双大幅下降,水资源短缺问题亟待解决。本文基于晋中地区2001—2020年气候和水资源数据,采用逐年法与系列法、行政与流域、地表水和地下水三位一体的方式分析其水资源时空演化特征。结果表明,晋中气候向暖湿化方向发展,水资源上升趋势显著,但地表水和地下水变化不尽相同。水资源时空分布不均,按区域西缺东丰;按流域海河流域较黄河流域更丰富;按空间地表水西少东多,地下水西多东少;按时序地表水较地下水旱涝急转现象更突出。

Jinzhong is an area suffering from severe water scarcity,with a significant decline in both total water resources and per capita water availability since 1956.The water resource issue in this region urgently needs to be addressed.This paper is based on climate and water resource data from 2001 to 2020 in Jinzhong.It employs a combination of annual analysis,series analysis,administrative and watershed analysis,and an integrated approach considering surface water and groundwater.The results indicate that the climate in Jinzhong has been trending towards warmer and wetter conditions,leading to a significant increase in water resources.However,the changes in surface water and groundwater resources differ.The spatial distribution of water resources is uneven,with a shortage in the western region and abundance in the eastern region.In terms of watersheds,the Haihe River Basin is relatively more abundant compared to the Yellow River Basin.Spatially,there is less surface water in the west and more in the east,while groundwater availability is higher in the west and lower in the east.Temporally,surface water exhibits more pronounced fluctuations between droughts and floods compared to groundwater.