痛性糖尿病周围神经病变的研究进展

Progress in Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

痛性糖尿病周围神经病变(PDPN)是糖尿病患者常见的慢性并发症,多无诱因,易引起患者失眠、焦虑抑郁,严重影响患者生活质量。PDPN发病机制复杂,除有高血糖、氧化应激、营养缺乏、微血管病变、胰岛素信号受损等多种易导致神经病变的因素外,关于PDPN患者累及小纤维继而出现疼痛症状时外周神经系统损伤与中枢神经系统结构的研究一直是近年来研究的热点。目前尚无PDPN的确切诊断工具及治疗方法。本文对PDPN的发病机制、筛查诊断工具和治疗进行综述。

Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy(PDPN)emerges as a common chronic complication in patients with diabetes.It often occurs without specific triggers and can lead to insomnia,anxiety,and depression,significantly impacting the life quality of patients.The pathogenesis of PDPN is complex and involves various factors,including hyperglycemia,oxidative stress,nutritional deficiencies,microvascular damage,and impaired insulin signaling,all of which contribute to nerve damage.Recent research has focused on investigating peripheral nervous system damage and central nervous system structural changes in PDPN patients,especially when they exhibit painful symptoms associated with small nerve fibers.Currently,there are no precise and accurate diagnostic methods or clinical treatments for PDPN.This article reviews the pathogenesis of PDPN,screening and diagnostic tools,and clinical therapeutic options.