平台化合物乙酰丙酸酯的合成研究进展

Progress on Platform Chemicals Synthesis of Levulinates

生物质被认为是世界上最丰富的可再生资源,对其进行高值化利用有助于绿色能源发展。生物质可高效转化为生物质基平台化合物——乙酰丙酸酯,并进一步制备高附加值化学品。本文详细介绍了传统的乙酰丙酸酯化法及生物质直接催化醇解法、糠醇醇解法制备乙酰丙酸酯的最新研究进展,指出催化剂的性能、反应原料、反应物物质的量比、反应时间和温度等都是影响反应的重要参数。详细综述了液体酸催化剂、固体酸催化剂、混酸催化剂及金属盐催化剂等不同体系催化制备乙酰丙酸酯的最新研究进展。总结比较了3种制备方法的优势和不足,并根据现有转化方法中仍存在着的原料的选择和预处理、反应过程复杂且副产物难控制以及催化剂成本较高、催化效率低、腐蚀设备、难回收等问题,对未来研究方向提出展望。

Biomass is considered to be the richest renewable resource in the world,and its high-value utilization would promote the development of green energy.Biomass can be efficiently converted into the bio-based platform compounds levulinates,and further prepared into high value-added chemicals.In this paper,the latest research progress on the preparation of levulinates via the methods of traditional levulinic acid esterification,direct catalytic alcoholysis of biomass and furfuryl alcoholysis were introduced in detail.It was also pointed out that the performance of the catalyst,the reaction raw material,the reaction molar ratio,the reaction time and temperature were all important parameters affecting the reaction.The latest research progress on the preparation of levulinates using different catalytic systems,such as liquid acid catalysts,mixed acid catalysts,solid acid catalyst and metal salt catalysts,was reviewed in detail.The advantages and disadvantages of the three preparation methods were summarized and compared.Based on the problems existed in the current conversion methods,such as the selection and pretreatment of raw materials,complex reaction process and difficult control of by-products,high catalyst cost,low catalytic efficiency,corrosion of equipment and difficult of recovery,the future research direction was prospected.