高速铁路线路设备大修现状与发展趋势

Current Situation and Development Trend of High Speed Railway Track Equipment Overhaul

针对国内外高速铁路线路设备大修管理机制、实施技术方案及应用等开展了调研分析,总结了高速铁路线路设备大修现状,并对大修技术发展进行了展望。结果表明:日本、德国、法国等国家依据自身线路特点与施工条件,明确了换轨、清筛等线路大修的周期或标准;中国初步开展了钢轨、扣件、道岔更换,有砟道床清筛等高速铁路线路设备大修技术研究及现场应用,尚未形成较成熟的线路设备大修技术与标准体系。高速铁路线路设备大修技术的发展方向概括为:持续跟踪并掌握更长时间维度钢轨、道岔、有砟道床线路设备劣化发展规律;建立完善的钢轨、扣件、道岔、有砟道床、无砟道床服役状态检测评估体系;提出高效率、低成本、精细化的大修施工方案;形成检测、评估、设计、实施、验收的全链条大修管理模式。

Based on the investigation and analysis of the management mechanism,implementation technical scheme and application of high speed railway track equipment overhaul at home and abroad,this paper summarized the current situation of high speed railway track equipment overhaul,and looked forward to the development of overhaul technology.The results indicate that countries such as Japan,Germany,and France have defined the cycles or standards for major repairs such as track replacement and screen cleaning based on their own track characteristics and construction conditions.China has initially carried out research and field application of high speed railway track equipment overhaul technology such as rail,fastener,turnout replacement,ballast bed screening,etc.,and has not yet formed a mature track equipment overhaul technology and standard system.The development direction of high speed railway track equipment overhaul technology is to continuously track and master the deterioration development laws of rail,turnout and ballasted track bed track equipment in a longer time dimension.A comprehensive inspection and evaluation system for the service status of steel rails,fasteners,turnouts,ballasted track beds,and ballastless track beds was established,an efficient,low-cost,and refined overhaul construction plan was proposed,and a full chain overhaul management model for testing,evaluation,design,implementation,and acceptance was established.