农药对熊蜂的生态毒理研究进展

Progress in Pesticide Toxicology Research on Bumblebees

熊蜂(Bombus spp.)因其独特形态特征及生物学特性成为农业生产中重要传粉昆虫,在维持自然及农业生态系统平衡发挥重要作用。近年来,熊蜂多样性呈减少趋势,农药不合理施用为重要因素之一。本文基于农药对熊蜂的毒理学研究现状,系统整理了熊蜂急性致死和慢性亚致死毒理研究方法,围绕农药对熊蜂的急性毒性,亚致死剂量农药对熊蜂精子活性及体温调节等生理发育,颜色分辨及学习记忆行为、肠道微生物结构及解毒因子等方面影响展开综述,对研究中存在的问题和未来研究方向进行了思考和展望,旨在为农药的科学使用、生物环境安全评估及熊蜂多样性保护提供参考。

Bumblebees(Bombus spp.)as significant agricultural pollinators for the morphological and biological characteristics,play an important role in maintaining the balance of natural and agricultural ecosystems.The inappropriate use of pesticides is one of the major factors causing the decrease of bumblebee diversity in recent years.This paper investigated the research methods of acute lethality and chronic sublethal toxicology of bumblebees,focusing primarily on the acute toxicity of pesticides to bumblebees,the effects of sublethal doses of pesticides on physiological development such as sperm activity and body temperature regulation,color discrimination,learning and memory behavior,and gut microbial structure,and detoxification factors,and so on.Then,the existing problems and future research were raised.The aim of paper is to provide reference for scientific application of pesticides,environmental and biological safety assessment,and conservation of bumblebee diversity.