微塑料和纳米塑料对胃肠道及肝脏的毒性效应机制研究进展

Mechanism of Toxic Effects of Microplastics and Nano-plastics on Gastrointestinal Tract and Liver:A Review

由于塑料制品的大量生产和使用,其废弃物降解产生的微塑料(microplastics,MPs)作为一种新型的环境污染物近年来逐渐引起全世界的关注。持续的老化会使微塑料降解为纳米塑料(nano-plastics,NPs),在进入人体后增加对细胞的危害,因此微塑料和纳米塑料对人体产生的毒性效应及健康危害也日益成为环境领域的研究热点。本文基于已有研究,重点阐述了人体内微塑料和纳米塑料沉积对胃肠道产生氧化应激、炎症及细胞凋亡相关毒性效应的机制,以及造成肝脏糖脂代谢紊乱的潜在机制,为进一步开展微塑料和纳米塑料的毒性效应机制研究和人体健康风险评估提供理论依据。

In recent years,due to the mass production and use of plastic products,microplastics(MPs)produced by the degradation of their wastes have gradually attracted the world’s attention as a new type of environmental pollutant.Continuous aging degrades MPs into nano-plastics(NPs),which can increase their damage to cells when they enter the human body.Therefore,the toxic effects and health hazards of MPs and NPs on the human body have increasingly become a research hotspot in the environmental field.Based on existing studies,this article focuses on the mechanism related to the toxic effects of MPs and NPs deposition on the gastrointestinal tract(e.g.,oxidative stress,inflammation and apoptosis),and the potential mechanism of glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in the liver.This study provides a theoretical basis for further research on the mechanism of toxic effects of MPs and NPs and human health risk assessment.