人工智能、财政职能与中国经济发展质量

Artificial Intelligence,Financial Function,and the Quality of China’s Economic Development

在人口老龄化程度日益加深的背景下,作为新一轮科技革命的中坚力量,人工智能能否成为应对人口老龄化的有效手段并为提升我国经济发展质量提供新动能,值得进一步研究。在理论分析人口老龄化背景下人工智能对经济发展质量影响机理及财政职能的调节机制的基础上,采用2011-2019年我国30个省份的省级面板数据进行了实证检验,研究发现:人工智能对我国经济发展质量表现出显著的提升作用,人工智能水平每提高1%,经济发展质量水平就提高0.153%;而且,人工智能能显著缓解人口老龄化对我国经济发展质量的抑制作用,且在人口老龄化越严重的地区,这种缓解作用越明显;财政职能在人工智能对我国经济发展质量的影响中呈现非线性的调节作用,财政支持职能和财政保障职能的调节作用在跨过单一门槛值后分别表现为非线性的逐步增强和逐步减弱的趋势。下一步要充分利用人工智能来应对人口老龄化问题,并将其培育成为实现我国经济高质量发展的新动能。

With the deepening of population aging,as the backbone of a new round of technological revolution,whether artificial intelligence can become an effective means to address population aging and provide new driving force for improving the quality of China’s economic development is worth further research.On the basis of theoretical analysis of the impact mechanism of artificial intelligence on the quality of economic development and the regulatory mechanism of fiscal functions in the context of population aging,an empirical test was conducted using provincial-level panel data from 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2019.The study found that artificial intelligence has a significant improvement effect on the quality of economic development in China.For every 1%increase in artificial intelligence level,the quality of economic development level increases by 0.153%;Moreover,artificial intelligence can significantly alleviate the inhibitory effect of population aging on the quality of China’s economic development,and in areas with more severe population aging,this mitigating effect is more pronounced;The fiscal function exhibits a non-linear regulatory effect in the impact of artificial intelligence on the quality of China’s economic development.The regulatory effects of fiscal support function and fiscal security function show a non-linear trend of gradually increasing and gradually decreasing after crossing a single threshold.The next step is to fully utilize artificial intelligence to address the issue of population aging and cultivate it as a new driving force for achieving high-quality economic development in China.