外国人汉字书写偏误描述的实践研究——以非日韩学习者的偏误字为例

Study on Errors in Writing Chinese Characters by Foreigners--Taking the Errors by Non-Japanese and Non-Korean Learners as an example

通过考察非日韩学习者偏误汉字的具体描述,发现偏误描述中的问题主要集中在偏误名称的命名和偏误名称与偏误现象的对应关系上。主要原因:汉字本体研究滞后;研究者缺乏利用相关信息辅助描述偏误的意识;研究者没有厘清个别偏误名称的内涵与外延;研究者缺乏对鉴别偏误的重视。为了能更客观准确地描述偏误,文章主张,加强汉字本体研究,充分借鉴作为第二语言教学的汉字本体的研究成果;充分利用学习者信息和语料信息辅助描述偏误;重新界定偏误名称的内涵与外延,统一偏误名称;重视鉴别偏误,减少不必要的归类错误;遵循描述程序,降低偏误描述的主观随意性。

By examining the errors in writing Chinese characters by non-Japanese and non-Korean learners,it is found that the problems mainly focus on the naming of erroneous names and the correspondence between erroneous names and erroneous phenomenon.The reasons are that research on Chinese character ontology lags behind;learners cannot use relevant information to describe errors;they cannot clarify the connotation and extension of some erroneous names;they pay no attention to identify the errors.It is suggested to strengthen the study of Chinese character ontology,make full use of the research of Chinese character ontology as a second language teaching;use learner information and corpus to describe errors;redefine the connotation and extension of the erroneous names;identify errors to reduce unnecessary misclassification;and follow the description procedure.