高速冲击下轨道车运动特性分析

Analysis of motion characteristics of rail car under high-speed impact

针对轨道车高速冲击下复杂的运行状态及车体失稳等问题,采用现代控制理论状态空间轨迹的方法,构建车体撞击力与倾覆力的数学模型。使用Matlab语言编写程序,求解轨道车在高速冲击下的运动状态,得到车体在不同工况下运动状态的变化规律。结果表明,车体最大点头角与冲击速度和车体长高比相关,点头角随冲击速度增加而增加,随长高比的增加而减小;弯道半径影响摇头角的大小;侧击角度影响车体极限失稳状态,其影响随速度变化,速度越大允许值越小;运行冲击坡度降低,车体运动状态的稳定性降低,最大失稳极限速度降低;运行冲击坡度提升,车体运动状态的稳定性增大,最大失稳极限速度增大。

Aiming at the complex running state and instability state of rail car body under high-speed impact,a mathematical model of the collision force and overturning force of the car body is established by using the state space trajectory method of modern control theory.The program is written by Matlab language to solve the motion state of the rail car under high-speed impact,and then the change law of the motion state of the car body under different working conditions is obtained.The results show that the maximum nodding angle is related to the impact speed and the length-height ratio of the car body.The nodding angle increases with the increase of impact speed while decreases with the increase of length-height ratio.The turning radius of the rail is related to the turning angle.The limit instability state of the car body is affected by side-impact angle and varies with speed.The larger the speed,the smaller the allowable value.The stability of the car body motion state and the limit instability speed decrease with the decrease of the impact slope.With the increase of the impact slope,the stability of the car body motion state increases,and the limit instability speed increases.