日本人口安全问题对其未来走势的影响及应对举措

The Impact of Japan's Population Security on Its Future Trend and Countermeasures

日本人口减少及人口结构的重大变化使日本面临严重的人口安全问题。日本人口安全问题的基本特征为日本人口减少及少子老龄化趋势严重、生产年龄人口及劳动力严重短缺、人口过疏地区及限界村落急剧增加。日本人口安全问题已对日本国家财政及国民生活带来沉重负担,国内政局受“银发民主主义”影响趋于保守,自卫队兵员及国防安全受到影响,综合国力及国际影响力越来越削弱。日本正在通过“老龄社会对策”及“少子化社会对策”增加人口数量,改善人口年龄结构,增强人口综合素质,保障日本人口安全。同时,还力求通过采取一系列综合举措,如社会保障与税收一体化改革、构建地域综合照护体系等措施,完善社会保障制度,建设地域共生社会,缓解人口安全问题及其对未来走势的影响。

Japan's population decline and major changes in its population structure make it face serious population security problems.The basic characteristics of Japan's population security problems are the serious trend of Japan's population decline,population aging and low birthrate,serious shortage of productive age population and labor force,and a sharp increase in sparsely populated areas and marginal hamlet.Japan's population security has brought a heavy burden to Japan's national finances and people's lives.The domestic political situation has become more conservative under the influence of“white-haired democracy”.Members of the Self-Defense Force and national defense security have been affected,and the comprehensive national strength and international influence have been increasingly weakened.Japan is increasing the size of the population,improving the age structure of the population,enhancing the comprehensive quality of the population,and striving to ensure the population security through the“strategy against aging society”and the“strategy against low birthrate”.At the same time,it also strives to improve the social security system,build a regional symbiotic society,and alleviate population security problem and its impact on future trends through a series of comprehensive measures,such as the integrated reform of social security and taxation,and the construction of a regional comprehensive care system.