无形财产权体系下传统手工艺权的构建

The Construction of Traditional Handicraft Rights under the Intangible Property Rights System

现有知识产权保护模式对传统手工艺的保护囿于三个方面,一是独创性判断标准适用困难以及新颖性要求的法定标准过高,二是传统手工艺商标权概念的不成立,三是文化遗产保护模式中民事法律规范的缺位。在无形财产权体系下传统手工艺可建构一项独立的财产权。在此基础上选择特别权利保护模式,可避开与传统产权保护模式的要件冲突。厘定传统手工艺权的主体客体、权利授权方式、权利内容、权利限制与保护期限,构成传统手工艺特别权利保护制度,将更有利于传统手工艺的传承保护与创新发展。

The protection of traditional handicrafts under the existing intellectual property rights protection model is limited by three aspects:first,the difficulty in applying the standard of originality and the high legal standard of novelty,second,the untenable concept of trademark right of traditional handicrafts,and third,the absence of civil law norms in the cultural heritage protection model.An independent property right can be constructed for traditional handicrafts under the intangible property right system.Selecting the special right protection model on this basis can avoid the conflict of elements with the traditional property right protection model.Defining the subject and object,authorization mode,content,limitation and protection period of the right of traditional handicrafts constitutes the special right protection system of traditional handicrafts,which will be more conducive to the inheritance,protection and innovative development of traditional handicrafts.