宋代乡村道德建设解析——以《吕氏乡约》为例

Analysis of Rural Moral Construction in the Song Dynasty--Taking Lv's Covenant as an Example

乡里制度的变革为宋代“以民治民”提供了政治契机,儒家知识精英政治意识的觉醒为乡规民约诞生提供了主体条件,而《吕氏乡约》在北宋时期的正式出场,为乡村道德建设找到了新途径。《吕氏乡约》以推崇惟善崇德的教化权威,构建了一套礼法并治、化民成俗的实践机制,勾画了官民相得的乡村道德自治蓝图,开创了乡约治村的先河,为当下中国乡村道德建设提供了可资借鉴的优秀道德资源。

In the Song Dynasty,the rural system reform created political space for"governing the people by the people",Confucian intellectual elites'awakening of political consciousness provided the subjectival conditions for the birth of the rural rules and regulations,and the birth of Lv's Covenant opened a new perspective for the rural moral construction.By advocating the educational authority that upholds virtue,it constructed the practical mechanism of combining the rule of etiquette and law and educating the people to form fine customs,outlined the view of rural moral autonomy with complementary roles of officials and the people,and created a precedent for the rule of village by conventions,providing excellent moral resources that can be used for reference for today's rural moral construction in China.