基于多源数据的矿区形变监测研究——以邯郸万年矿为例

Study on the Deformation Monitoring of Mining Areas Based on Multi-source Data:Take Wannian Mine in Handan as an Example

煤炭资源是我国的主要能源之一,煤炭开采引起的地表沉陷给生态环境和人们的生产生活带来了巨大影响,开展沉降监测研究迫在眉睫。本研究以万年矿153工作面为例,分别采用无人机和InSAR两种不同的沉降监测方法对工作面进行监测,以实测水准数据为基础,通过对比水准观测站高程值与无人机和InSAR构成的DEM中提取的对应高程值,对两种方式获取的沉陷盆地精度进行验证。结果表明,InSAR和无人机作为新的观测手段,均可应用于矿区形变监测,无人机对大梯度形变监测有利,但整体精度较差;InSAR技术用于矿区边缘小形变监测较好,但矿区形变中心误差严重,基本失相干。因此,联合应用无人机和InSAR技术更有利于矿区开采沉陷的全面监测。

Coal resource is one of the main energy sources in China.The surface subsidence caused by coal mining has brought great impact on the ecological environment and people's production and life,so it is extremely urgent to carry out settlement monitoring research.Taking the 153 working faces of Wannian mine as an example,two different subsidence monitoring methods,UAV and InSAR,are used to monitor the working face.Based on the measured leveling data,the accuracy of the subsidence basin obtained by the two methods is verified by comparing the elevation value of the leveling observation station with the corresponding high range value extracted from the DEM composed of UAV and InSAR.The results show that both InSAR and UAV,as new observation means,can be applied to deformation monitoring in the mining area.UAV is favorable for large gradient deformation,but the overall accuracy is poor.InSAR technology is good for small deformation monitoring at the edge of the mining area,but the deformation center error is serious and basic incoherence.Therefore,the combined application of UAV and InSAR technology is more conducive to the comprehensive monitoring of mining subsidence.