论《瘟疫年纪事》中的群体道德迷失与重塑

On the Loss and Reconstruction of Group Morality in A Journal of the Plague Year

英国作家丹尼尔·笛福的佳作《瘟疫年纪事》,着重描绘了灾疫情境下伦敦市民群体表现出的集体破坏、盲目从众和宗教迷信行为。笛福在虚构的叙事中投射历史真相,通过群体视角,批判了发展破坏欲、机械趋同和臣服权威这三种逃避自由机制,指出放弃自我独立、摒弃群体大爱会使人陷入道德迷失的困境,并借由群体道德重塑的愿景,表明要在确立道德共识、友爱互助的社会共同体中,实现个人的自由发展。小说倡导的以人为中心,以爱为出发点的人道主义道德价值观,可为后疫情时代的公民道德建设提供启示和借鉴。

A Journal of the Plague Year written by British author Daniel Defoe focuses on the collective destruction,blind conformity,and religious superstition.Defoe in the fictional narrative projection historical truth,through the group perspective,criticized the development of destruction,mechanical convergence and surrender authority the three escape freedom mechanism.He points out that giving up self independence,abandoning the group love will make people fall into the dilemma of moral lost,and through the vision of reshaping group morality,it shows that the free development of individuals should be achieved in a social community that establishes moral consensus,friendship and mutual assistance.The people-centered and love-based humanitarian moral values advocated by the novel can provide inspiration and reference for the construction of civic morality in the post-epidemic era.