山丹黄参的营养成分与急性经口毒性研究

Nutritive Components and Acute Ooral Toxicity in Sphallerocarpus gracills from Shandan

对甘肃省张掖市山丹县祁连山山脉焉支山附近重要地域蔬菜资源——黄参的营养成分、维生素和矿物质等进行检测分析,并对其进行急性经口毒性试验,可为该资源的保护和合理开发提供理论依据。结果表明,黄参肉质根中含水68.9%;主要营养成分为碳水化合物(淀粉、多糖和膳食纤维)20.1%、蛋白质和总氨基酸6.2%;钾、磷、镁、钙等多种矿物质元素和维生素C含量较为丰富,且重金属含量远低于国家标准规定数值;黄参肉质根中主要生物活性物质为黄参总皂苷,含量0.53%,约为人参总皂苷的三分之一。黄参蛋白质水解物含有17种氨基酸。在试验条件下,小鼠没有出现死亡或明显不良症状,黄参对小鼠的急性经口毒性最大耐受剂量高于10000 mg/kg,属于实际无毒。

The nutritional components,vitamins and minerals of Sphallerocarpus gracills,an important vegetable resource near Yanzhi mountain of Qilian mountain range,Shandan county,were analyzed and acute oral toxicity test was conducted.It could provide a theoretical basis for the protection and reasonable development of this resource.The aim of this study was to provide evidence for protecting and rational developing S.gracills by analyzing its nutritive elements and heavy metals.The rhizome of S.gracills contained 68.9%water.The main nutrients were carbohydrate(starch,polysaccharide and dietary fiber)20.1%,protein and total amino acid 6.163%.Rich in K,P,Mg,Ca and other mineral elements and VC and heavy metal content was far below the national standard.The main bioactive substances in rhizome of S.gracills were the total saponins,the content of which was 0.53%,which was about one third of the total saponins.The proteolytic compound of S.gracills contained 17 kinds of amino acids.Under the test conditions,the test mice did not have obvious adverse symptoms and death.The maximum tolerated dose of S.gracills to the acute oral toxicity of mice was more than 10000 mg/kg,and the acute toxicity was actually non-toxic.