黑毛和牛与延边牛杂交F1代和F2代生长性能和体尺测量

Growth Performance and Body Size Measurement of F 1 and F 2 Generations of Cybridization between Heimaohe Cattle and Yanbian Cattle

[目的]了解黑毛和牛与延边牛杂交的效果。[方法]对不同阶段(6、12、18、24月龄)F1、F2代体重、体高、体斜长、胸围、管围等指标进行测定。[结果]F2代公牛6、12、18、24月龄体重均显著高于F1代(P<0.05),不同月龄F2代母牛体重与F1代无显著差异;18月龄F2代公牛体斜长显著高于F1代(P<0.05);不同月龄F2代无论公牛还是母牛胸围均显著高于F1代(P<0.05);F2代公牛腹围在6月龄、12月龄、18月龄均显著高于F1代(P<0.05);F2代母牛各月龄腹围均显著高于F1代(P<0.05);F2代公牛6月龄十字部高、24月龄管围显著高于F1代(P<0.05);F2代母牛在18月龄十字部高显著高于F1代(P<0.05)。[结论]F2代具有良好的杂交优势,黑毛和牛改良延边牛是切实可行的,该品种的杂交潜力较大。

[Objective]To understand the effect of progressive crossing between Heimaohe cattle and Yanbian cattle.[Method]The weight,height,oblique length,chest circumference,and tube circumference of F 1 and F 2 generations at different stages(6,12,18,and 24 months old)were measured.[Result]The body weight of F 2 bulls at 6,12,18 and 24 months of age was significantly higher than that of F 1 bulls(P<0.05),and there was no significant differance in body weight between F 1 and F 2 cows.The body oblique length of 18-month-old F 2 bulls was significantly higher than that of F 1 bulls(P<0.05).Chest circumference of F 2 generation was significantly higher than F 1 generation at different months.Chest circumferences of F 2 bulls and cows at 6,12,18 and 24 months of age were significantly higher than F 1(P<0.01).There was significant difference in abdominal circumference of bulls at 6,12,18 months of age(P<0.05).There was significant difference in F 2 cows at 6,12,18,24 months of age(P<0.05).Cross height and tube circumference of F 2 bulls was significantly higher than F 1 at 6 and 24 months of age(P<0.05).There was significant difference in cross section at 18 months of age(P<0.05)between F 1 and F 2 cows.[Conclusion]F 2 generation had a good hybridization advantage,and it was feasible to improve Yanbian cattle with Heimaohe cattle.