辽东山区落叶松-东部白松混交林林分生长和植被特征研究

Study on Stand Growth and Vegetation Characteristics of Larix gmelinii-Pinus strobus L. Mixed Forest in Eastern Liaoning Mountainous Area

[目的]探讨落叶松混交林和纯林生长和林下植被方面的差异。[方法]以落叶松-东部白松混交林和落叶松纯林为研究对象,调查了样地树高、胸径和冠幅等生长指标,以及灌木层和草本层物种、高度、多度和盖度等植被指标。[结果]落叶松-东部白松混交林中落叶松的胸径、树高、冠幅和单株材积分别达到7.69 cm、6.65 m、2.02 m和0.020 m3,混交林蓄积达到29.63 m3/hm2,分别是落叶松纯林的2.00、1.58、1.19、6.67和4.03倍,且混交落叶松形质指标优于落叶松纯林。从数量上看,物种总数量和草本植物数量表现为落叶松纯林略高于落叶松-东部白松混交林,灌木植物则相反。除了草本植物丰富度指数之外,其他多样性指数均表现为落叶松-东部白松混交林优于落叶松纯林。[结论]该研究结果表明落叶松混交林在生长和林下植被方面优于落叶松纯林,在今后发展落叶松人工林时应多营建落叶松混交林。

[Objective]To explore the differences in growth and understory vegetation between Larix gmelinii mixed forest and pure forest.[Method]Taking Larix gmelinii-Pinus strobus L.mixed forest as the research object,we investigated the growth indicators such as tree height,diameter at breast height and crown width,and vegetation indicators such as species,height,abundance and coverage of shrub and herb layers.[Result]The results showed that the DBH,tree height,crown width and individual timber score of Larix gmelinii-Pinus strobus L.mixed forest reached 7.69 cm,6.65 m,2.02 m and 0.02 m 3,and the volume of the mixed forest reached 29.63 m 3/hm 2,which was 2.00 times,1.58 times,1.19 times,6.67 times and 4.03 times of that of Larix gmelinii-Pinus strobus L.mixed forest,and the shape and quality index of Larix gmelinii in the mixed forest was better than that of the pure Larix gmelinii forest.In terms of quantity,the total number of species and the number of herbs were slightly higher in the pure Larix gmelinii forest than in Larix gmelinii-Pinus strobus L.mixed forest,while the opposite was true for shrubs.From the perspective of Diversity index,except for the herb richness index,other Diversity index showed that Larix gmelinii-Pinus strobus L.mixed forest was superior to Larix gmelinii pure forest.[Conclusion]Larix gmelinii mixed forest was superior to pure forest in growth and understory vegetation.In the future development of Larix gmelinii plantation,more Larix gmelinii mixed forest should be built.