增施蚓粪对早春设施栽培西瓜产量·品质及土壤性质的影响

The Effect of Adding Earthworm Manure on Yield and Quality of Watermelon Cultivation and Soil Properties in Early Spring Facility

为明确基肥运筹中增施蚓粪对设施栽培作物生长的影响,以西瓜为试验材料,探究不同蚓粪用量对西瓜产量、品质和土壤性质的影响,在等量施用22 500 kg/hm2粪肥的基础上设置增施225 kg/hm2复混肥、3 375 kg/hm2蚓粪、6 750 kg/hm2蚓粪3个处理。结果表明,与增施225 kg/hm2复混肥相比,增施蚓粪能增加西瓜果实产量,但降低了西瓜果实的含糖量和糖酸比;导致0~15 cm土层土壤pH下降及土壤盐分升高;显著增加了0~15和15~30 cm土层土壤碱解氮、速效钾和有机质的含量。综上,增施3 375 kg/hm2蚓粪比增施225 kg/hm2复混肥(15-15-15)处理能更好地提升西瓜的产量和品质。

In order to clarify the effect of increasing the application of earthworm manure on the growth of protected cultivation crops in basic fertilizer operation research,watermelon was used as experimental material to explore the effects of different earthworm manure dosage treatments on watermelon yield,quality,and soil properties.On the basis of applying an equal amount of 22500 kg/hm 2 manure,additional application was set up three treatments including 225 kg/hm 2 compound fertilizer,3375 kg/hm 2 earthworm manure,and 6750 kg/hm 2 earthworm manure.The results showed that compared with the application of 225 kg/hm 2 compound fertilizer,the application of earthworm manure increased the yield of watermelon fruit,but decreased the sugar content and sugar acid ratio of watermelon fruit;caused a decrease in soil pH and an increase in soil salinity from 0 to 15 cm;significantly increased the content of alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen,available potassium,and organic matter in 0-15 and 15-30 cm soils.In summary,adding 3375 kg/hm 2 of earthworm manure can better improve the yield and quality of watermelon compared to adding 225 kg/hm 2 of compound fertilizer(15-15-15).