可持续生计下民族旅游村寨农户返贫风险与阻断机制研究——以桂黔3个民族村寨为例

The Risks and Prevention Mechanisms of Farmers Re-poverty in Ethnic Tourism Villages Based on Sustainable Livelihoods—Taking Three Ethnic Villages in Guangxi and Guizhou as Examples

基于拓展的可持续生计框架,构建民族村寨农户返贫风险评价指标体系,进行案例区农户的生计状况评价与生计返贫风险确认。结果表明:农户的生计境况有所改善,但仍有旅游业携带的风险与冲击。农户生计返贫风险系数为0.062 6,风险等级为V2中等偏高。各指标对中高程度返贫风险的灰色关联系数均大于0.7,对返贫均产生较大影响。通过归纳总结,影响农户生计返贫的因素来自农户自身、政府主导差异、产业单一、社会网络风险等方面,提出返贫阻断机制主要从农户生计环境的返贫预警、生计资本的均衡增收、生计适应的长效衔接3个方面构建。

Complement and improve the several sustainable livelihood frameworks that have been put forward according to local conditions,and construct a risk assessment index system for re-poverty to farmers in ethnic tourism villages based on the expanded sustainable livelihood framework.The results showed that:The livelihood status of farmers has improved,but there are still risks and impacts brought by tourism;the risk coefficient of re-poverty for farmers’livelihoods in ethnic tourism villages is 0.0626,and the livelihood re-poverty risk level is moderately high(V 2);the grey correlation coefficients of all indicators on the moderately high risk of livelihood re-poverty are all greater than 0.7,which have a greater impact on re-poverty.Through inductive summary analysis,the factors affecting farmers’livelihood re-poverty come from individual household differences,government-led differences,industry singles,social network risks,etc.It is proposed that the blocking mechanism for re-poverty is mainly constructed from three aspects:the early warning of the re-poverty in the livelihood environment of the farmers,the balanced increase of livelihood capital,and long-term convergence of livelihood adaptation.