一种适用于多基站环境的WSN分簇路由协议

A CLUSTERING ROUTING PROTOCOL FOR WSN IN MULTI-SINK ENVIRONMENT

在多基站部署于网络外部的环境下,网络边缘的节点与基站通信所需的能耗相比其他节点更少,但它们与大部分节点距离较远,不适合当簇头。传统LEACH算法每轮簇头数量不等且分布不合理。针对上述问题提出一种适用于多基站环境带有中转节点的分簇路由协议,在优先选靠近簇内质心且能量较高的节点作为簇头的同时,利用靠近基站的普通节点做中转,以此减轻簇头的能耗负担,同时改进了分布式的簇头选举方法来保证每轮的簇头数相同,进一步减少不必要的能耗。经仿真测试,该方法能让节点能耗更加均衡,并有效延长网络的使用寿命。

In multi-sink environment,the nodes at the edge of the network need less energy consumption to communicate with the sink nodes than other nodes,but they are far away from most nodes,so they are not suitable to be cluster heads.The number of cluster heads in each round of traditional LEACH algorithm is unequal and the distribution is unreasonable.In order to solve these problems,a clustering routing protocol with relay nodes is proposed for multi-sink environment.While preferentially selecting nodes close to the centroid of the cluster and having higher energy as cluster heads,nodes close to the sink nodes were used for transit to reduce the energy consumption burden of cluster heads.The distributed cluster head election method was improved to ensure the same number of clusters in each round,in order to further reduce unnecessary energy consumption.The simulation results show that this method can make the energy consumption of nodes more balanced and effectively extend the service life of the network.