某高校医院2020年发热留观学生的临床特征分析

Analysis on Clinical Characteristics of Fever Students on Observation in a University Hospital in 2020

目的:分析某高校医院2020年发热留观学生的临床特征。方法:回顾性分析2020年4—12月南京农业大学医院发热留观学生427人的临床资料,分析其临床特征并探讨防控措施。结果:2020年返校后,校医院发热留观427人,总留观时间1593 d,9月发热留观人数最多,8月发热留观人数最少。女生发热率高于男生,差异有统计学意义(P=0.048);本科生发热率高于研究生,差异有统计学意义(P=0.033)。发热留观学生临床诊断以上呼吸道感染最多,肺炎最少。发热留观学生的主要症状为咽痛、鼻塞流涕、咳嗽咳痰、头痛乏力、腹痛腹泻、牙痛、尿频尿痛,其中咽痛人数最多,占比33.72%;鼻塞流涕占比22.95%;咳嗽咳痰占比17.56%。结论:高校学生发热原因以上呼吸道感染为主,相关工作人员应对发热学生的临床特征进行分析,掌握其发病规律,在发热高发时节及时调整日常校医院门诊人员工作安排,保证相关药物的供应,加强对呼吸道疾病及发热相关疾病的健康宣教。

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of fever students on observation in a university hospital in 2020.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 427 fever students on observation in Nanjing Agricultural University Hospital from April 2020 to December 2020,to analyze their clinical characteristics and explore prevention and control measures.Results:After returning to school in 2020,there were 427 people with fever on observation in the university hospital,with a total observation duration of 1593 d.The number of fever people on observation was the highest in September and the lowest in August.The fever rate of girls was higher than that of boys,and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.048).The fever rate of undergraduate students was higher than that of graduate students,and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.033).The clinical diagnosis of fever students on observation was predominantly upper respiratory tract infections,while scarcely pneumonia.The main symptoms of fever students during observation were pharyngalgia,nasal congestion,runny nose,cough,expectoration,headache,fatigue,abdominal pain,diarrhea,toothache,frequent urination and urodynia.Among them,the number of pharyngalgia cases was the highest,accounting for 33.72%;the proportion of nasal congestion and runny nose was 22.95%;the proportion of cough and expectoration was 17.56%.Conclusion:Fever in college students is mainly caused by upper respiratory tract infection.Related staff shall analyze the clinical characteristics of fever students,grasp their incidence patterns,promptly adjust the daily work arrangements of outpatient staff in the university hospital during periods of high fever incidence,ensure the supply of relevant drugs,and strengthen health education on respiratory tract diseases and fever related diseases.