2型糖尿病患者糖尿病视网膜病变发生情况调查

Analysis of Diabetic Retinopathy Occurrence in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

目的:探讨2型糖尿病患者糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)发生的情况。方法:选取2022年1月东莞市望牛墩镇社区卫生服务中心登记在册的朱平沙村2型糖尿病患者84例作为研究对象,收集患者的基本资料,并对其进行眼部专科检查、实验室检查及问卷调查。根据有无DR分为DR组(n=11)与无DR组(n=73),分析DR控制情况并提出改进方案。结果:84例2型糖尿病患者DR患病率为13.10%(11/84)。DR组糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖、血压、血脂不达标率高于无DR组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。DR组视功能调查问卷评分低于无DR组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.024)。52.38%(44/84)的患者在确诊2型糖尿病后未看过眼科医生,看过眼科医生的40例患者中,其中有35例未接受治疗,主要原因为认为没必要治疗。结论:DR的防治工作亟需以社区慢性病管理为基础,通过对社区2型糖尿病人群定期筛查和DR防治知识宣教,提高DR危险因素控制水平,降低DR致盲风险。

Objective:To investigate the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy(DR)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods:A total of 84 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusin Zhupingsha Village,who were registered in the Community Health Service Center of Wangniudun Town of Dongguan City in January 2022,were selected as the study subjects.The basic information of the patients was collected,and the ocular specialized examination,laboratory examination and questionnaire survey were carried out.According to the presence or absence of DR,the patients were divided into DR group(n=11)and non-DR group(n=73).The DR control situation was analyzed and an improvement plan was proposed.Results:The prevalence of DR in 84 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was 13.10%(11/84).The non-qualification rates of glycated hemoglobin,fasting blood glucose,blood pressure and blood lipid in the DR group were higher than those in the non-DR group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of visual function questionnaire in the DR group were lower than those in the non-DR group,and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.024).52.38%(44/84)of patients had not visited an ophthalmologist after being diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus,and among 40 patients who had visited an ophthalmologist,35 cases did not receive treatment,mainly because they did not think that treatment was necessary.Conclusion:The prevention and treatment of DR urgently needs to be based on the management of chronic diseases in the community,and through regular screening and DR prevention and treatment knowledge education for the community population with type 2 diabetes mellitus,the control level of DR risk factors can be improved and the risk of DR blindness can be reduced.