马克思主义在中国早期传播的落地实践(1918-1921)——基于知识社会学视野的考察

The Implementation Practice of Marxism in Its Early Spread in China(1918-1921):An Analysis from the Perspective of the Sociology of Knowledge

将“五四”前后马克思主义在中国的传播作为一种知识传播的社会活动进行考察,可以看到知识建构为现实的过程落实为三重层面:一是以学会、研究会等“组织”为中心,接触、学习、理解并运用马克思主义理论的知识分子凝聚为意识形态共同体;二是以报纸杂志所构建的“语言”为中心,知识群体借助文本载体介绍、阐释马克思主义,以建构知识正当性;三是以学校等“空间”为中心,在传播过程中联合社会各阶层并作“实际运动”,扩大革命影响力。回溯马克思主义在中国早期传播的落地实践,对于推进新时代党的宣传思想工作具有启示意义。

By examining the early spread of Marxism in China as a social activity of knowledge dissemination,we can figure out how theory can be transformed into reality at three levels.Firstly,centered around“organizations”such as institutions and research societies,an ideological community was formed by the intellectuals who started out to learn,understand and apply Marxist theory.Secondly,with the“language”constructed in the newspapers and magazines as the center,these pioneers introduced and explained Marxism with the help of text carriers so as to make Marxism legitimate.Thirdly,with the“spaces”such as the schools as the center,these intellectuals jointly engaged with various social strata,taking practical action to expand the influence of the revolution during the dissemination process.Reflecting on the implementation practice of early spread of Marxism in China can provide insightful guidance for advancing the Party’s publicity and ideological work in the new era.