新型冠状病毒S蛋白及其受体结合域突变最新研究进展

Progress of research on S protein and mutations of receptor-binding domain in SARS-CoV-2

严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-COV-2)仍在全球范围内大肆传播,已对公共健康和社会经济发展造成了前所未有的威胁。致力探索并明确新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)的致病机制,寻求有效应对病毒变异、遏制病毒传播的防治策略迫在眉睫。一种表达在病毒外双分子层小叶上的三聚体刺突蛋白(S蛋白),它允许病毒穿透人类宿主细胞并引起感染。S蛋白的受体结合域(RBD)与血管紧张素转换酶2(ACE2)受体相互作用从而攻击人体免疫系统,导致相关疾病。本文就S蛋白及其RBD突变在COVID-19演变和防治过程中的最新研究进展进行归纳总结,以期为继续研发控制疾病的药物或疫苗提供参考价值。

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)remains widespread worldwide and has posed an unprecedented threat to public health and socioeconomic development.Efforts to explore and clarify the pathogenic mechanisms of COVID-19and to seek prevention and control strategies to effectively counteract virus mutation and contain virus transmission are extremely urgent.A trimeric stinger protein expressed on the outer bilayer leaflets of the virus allows the virus to penetrate human host cells and lead to lesions,which may result in severe damage or even failure of multiple organs,including the respiratory system.The receptor-binding domain(RBD)of the spike protein interacts with the host cell angiotensin converting enzyme 2receptor,thereby attacking the human immune system and causing the associated disease.The latest progress of research on S proteins and mutations of their RBD in evolution and control of COVID-19was summarized in the paper so as to provide reference for following development of drugs or vaccine for control of disease.