米炒红娘子炮制工艺优化及其质量标准建立

Optimization of Processing Technology and Establishment of Quality Standards for Rice-fried Huechys Sanguinea

目的优化红娘子炮制工艺,建立米炒红娘子质量标准。方法以浸出物、气味、色泽、破碎度及蛋白质含量为评价指标,结合熵权法-层次分析法建立综合评价方法,考察炒制时间、炒制温度及药材与辅料比例对米炒红娘子质量的影响,通过正交试验优选最佳炮制工艺。对米炒红娘子进行显微鉴别、薄层鉴别,测定其水分、灰分、浸出物及重金属含量,建立质量标准。结果红娘子最佳炮制工艺为将2倍量大米投入炒药锅炒至冒烟时投入净制红娘子,140℃翻炒6 min。测得炮制品浸出物含量199 mg·g^(-1),气味、色泽、破碎度分值均为5,蛋白质含量为136 mg·g^(-1)。米炒红娘子水分含量为2.97%,总灰分及酸不溶性灰分含量分别为3.79%,0.33%,重金属铅、镉、砷、汞、铜含量分别为2.26,1.91,0.06,0.13,38.14 mg·kg^(-1),黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2均低于检出限0.1μg·kg^(-1),浸出物含量为20.10%。结论红娘子炮制工艺可靠、稳定,为规范红娘子饮片的炮制工艺和质量标准提供科学依据。建议米炒红娘子水分含量<3.56%,总灰分及酸不溶性灰分分别<4.55%、0.40%,重金属铅含量<2.71 mg·kg^(-1)、镉<2.29 mg·kg^(-1)、砷<0.07 mg·kg^(-1)、汞<0.16 mg·kg^(-1)、铜<45.77 mg·kg^(-1),浸出物含量>16.08%,黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2<0.1μg·kg^(-1)。

OBJECTIVE To optimize the processing technology of Huechys sanguinea,and establish the quality standard of rice-fried Huechys sanguinea.METHODS Taking the exudates,scent,color,degree of crushing,and protein content as the evaluation indicators combining entropy weight method with analytic hierarchy process to establish a comprehensive evaluation method.The effects of frying time,temperature and the ratio of medicinal materials to excipients on the quality of rice-fried Huechys sanguinea were investigated,and an orthogonal test to optimize the best processing technology was established.Microscopic identification and thin-layer identification of rice-fried Huechys sanguinea,determination of its moisture,ash,extract and heavy metals,and establishment of quality standards.RESULTS The best processing process for Huechys sanguinea was after the rice with an excipient ratio of 1∶2 was frying and smoking,pour processed Huechys sanguinea,stir fry at 140℃for 6 min.The extract content was 199 mg·g^(−1),the odor,color,and fragmentation scores were all 5,and the protein content was 136 mg·g^(−1).The moisture content of rice-fried Huechys sanguinea was 2.97%,the total ash content and acid insoluble ash content were 3.79%and 0.33%respectively,the contents of heavy metals lead,cadmium,arsenic,mercury and copper were 2.26,1.91,0.06,0.13 and 38.14 mg·kg^(−1)respectively,and the aflatoxin B1,B2,G1 and G2 were all lower than the detection limit by 0.1μg·kg^(−1),the content of extract was 20.10%.CONCLUSION The processing technology of Huechys sanguinea is reliable and stable,which provides a scientific basis for standardizing the processing technology and quality standards of Huechys sanguinea decoction pieces.It is suggested that the moisture content of rice-fried Huechys sanguinea is<3.56%,total ash and acid insoluble ash are<4.55%and 0.40%respectively,the content of heavy metal lead is<2.71 mg·kg^(−1),cadmium is<2.29 mg·kg^(−1),arsenic is<0.07 mg·kg^(−1),mercury is<0.16 mg·kg^(−1),copper is<45.77 mg·kg^(−1),the content of extract is>16.08%,and aflatoxin B1,B2,G1,G2 are<0.1μg·kg^(−1).