小型高精龙门雕铣机静动态特性分析及拓扑结构优化

Static and Dynamic Characteristics Analysis and Topology Optimization of Small High-precision Gantry Carving and Milling Machine

针对小型精密件加工装备数控机床本体结构的高精度、高刚度、高精度保持性和绿色化等新要求,分析了小型高精龙门雕铣机初始方案,考虑不改变原方案的机床模型基本结构、不降低静动态特性的前提下,尽可能减轻整机质量,减少材料消耗。为此对原整机模型进行了简化处理,采用ANSYS Workbench进行静力学和模态分析;然后对几个关键大件进行拓扑结构优化,并对立柱进行谐响应分析;最后对优化后重建的整机模型进行静动态分析,并与优化前的整机性能进行对比分析。结果表明:优化后整机质量减少了89.90 kg;整机总变形下降了约0.653 5%;1阶、2阶固有频率均有小幅提升。

Aiming at the new demands of high precision,high stiffness,high precision retention and greening of the main structure of the CNC machine tools for small precision machining equipment,the initial plan of the small high-precision gantry engraving and milling machine is analyzed,considering the basic structure of the machine model remain unchanged and the static and dynamic characteristics do not decrease,to reduce the weight of the machine and material consumption as much as possible.For this reason,the original model of the whole machine is simplified,and imported to ANSYS Workbench for statics and modal analysis;then the topology structures of several key large components are optimized,and harmonic response analysis is performed on the columns.Finally,static and dynamic analysis is conducted on the optimized reconstructed machine model,and comparison analysis is conducted with the performance of the machine before optimization.The results show that the overall weight of the optimized machine is reduced by 89.90 kg,the total deformation of the machine is reduced by about 0.6535%,and the first and second order natural frequencies is improved slightly.