橡胶树生防内生菌解淀粉芽孢杆菌的理化特性及田间防效

Physicochemical Characteristics and Field Control Effect of Endophytic Bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in Rubber Tree

为了解橡胶树炭疽病拮抗菌解淀粉芽孢杆菌的理化特性和防效,通过研究4株解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)的固氮能力、产几丁质酶能力、溶磷能力、产生长素能力和开展田间防治试验来评价其利用价值。结果表明:4株解淀粉芽孢杆菌能够在Ashby无氮培养基中正常生长,接种在胶体几丁质固体培养基上培养一段时间后未出现透明圈,接种于蒙金娜无机磷培养基和蒙金娜有机磷培养基培养10 d后出现溶磷圈;从4株解淀粉芽孢杆菌发酵液中检测出吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)、吲哚-2-甲酸(ICA)、吲哚-3-甲醛(ICAld)、3-吲哚丙酸(IPA)、吲哚-3-乙酸甲酯(MEIAA)等5种激素;将尖孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum acutatum)孢子悬浮液分别接种于用4株解淀粉芽孢杆菌发酵液处理过的橡胶苗上,发现橡胶苗未发病或发病较轻。以上结果说明用于实验的4株解淀粉芽孢杆菌具有固氮和溶磷能力,能产生长激素,对橡胶树炭疽病具有预防作用。

In order to understand the physical and chemical properties and control effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,which is an antagonistic strain of rubber anthracnose,the utilization value of biocontrol endophytes was evaluated by studying the nitrogen fixation capacity,Chitinase production capacity,phosphorus dissolving capacity,growth factor production capacity of four strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and conducting field control experiments.The results showed that the four strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens were able to grow normally in Ashby nitrogen free medium.After being inoculated on colloidal chitin solid medium for a period of time,no transparent circles appeared.After being inoculated on Mongina inorganic phosphorus medium and Mongina organic phosphorus medium for 10 days,soluble phosphorus circles appeared;Five hormones including Indole-3-acetic acid,indole-2-carboxylic acid,indole-3-formaldehyde,3-indole-3-propionic acid and methyl Indole-3-acetic acid were detected from the fermentation broth of four strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens;The spore suspensions of Colletotrichum acutatum were inoculated on four rubber seedlings treated with the fermentation broth of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,and it was found that the rubber seedlings treated with the fermentation broth of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in advance did not develop disease or had mild disease.Four strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens used in the experiment had nitrogen fixation and phosphorus solubilization abilities,could produce growth hormone,and had preventive effects on rubber anthracnose.