唐诗木叶意象发微

Study on the Image of Wood Leaves in Tang Poetry

屈原《九歌》木叶意象为后世所继承,逮至李唐,诗人在反复吟咏中对木叶的悲愁内涵予以固化。木叶在中晚唐频繁出现,是时人悲凉苍老心境的文本反映,政治理想破灭的诗人沉沦于社会底层,动荡乱世所带来的危机与生活困顿共同加剧了诗人对离别与生命的体悟,悲愁成为诗人生活体验的主调,昔日不曾被诗人重视的木叶成为其悲愁思想情感的寄托。唐人对木叶的悲愁内涵进行丰富真切地阐释,其诗中常见的“木叶+动词”及“木叶+形容词”意象组合模式为后世木叶意象使用提供借鉴,木叶悲秋的传统也在其吟咏中得以发扬。

The image of wood leaves in Nine Songs by Qu Yuan was inherited by later generations,and the poet consolidated its sad connotation in his repeated recitals.The image of wood leaves appeared frequently in the middle and late Tang Dynasty,which is the reflection of people’s grief mood.The politically disillusioned poet sank to the bottom of society,and the crisis of turbulent times and the hardship of life deepen the poet’s understanding of parting and life,therefore,sorrow has become the main tone of the poet’s life experience,and the leaves,which had not been valued by the poet in the past,have become the sustenance of his sorrow thoughts and emotions.The image combination patterns of“wood leaf+verb”and“wood leaf+adjective”in Tang poems provided references for later generations to use wood leaf image,and the tradition of sad autumn of wood leaf was also carried forward in its recitals.