妊娠期单核细胞增生李斯特菌感染孕妇的饮食习惯及临床分析

Dietary hygiene habits and clinical analysis of prenant women infected with listeria monocytogenes during pregnancy

目的探讨妊娠期单核细胞增生李斯特菌(listeria monocytogenes,LM)感染孕妇的饮食习惯及临床特征。方法选取2017年10月至2022年9月北京妇产医院妊娠期LM感染的孕妇10例,分析其感染前4周的饮食及卫生习惯、临床特征及妊娠结局、新生儿预后等。结果10例孕妇中,孕中期LM感染7例、孕晚期3例。10例孕妇经治疗后LM感染均痊愈,其中6例孕妇出现流产及胎死宫内。10例孕妇在感染前4周内均有不同程度食用生冷食物或不洁饮食史,以生食水果、熟肉制品及外出就餐情况为主;存在冰箱清理不及时及生熟食品砧板未分开使用等饮食不良卫生习惯问题。结论妊娠期感染LM不良后果较重,应关注相应症状孕妇的饮食史、加强孕产期健康宣教、避免食用不洁饮食,改善饮食卫生习惯,避免妊娠期感染LM的发生。

Objective To explore the dietary hygiene habits and clinical analysis of listeria monocytogenes infection during pregnancy.Methods A total of 10 pregnant women infected with listeria monocytogenes during pregnancy from October 2017 to September 2022 in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital were seleced.The dietary hygiene habits,clinical characteristics,pregnancy outcome and neonatal prognosis were analyzed.Results Among the 10 pregnant women,there were seven cases of LM infection in the second trimester and three cases in the third trimester of pregnancy.After treatment,the ten pregnant women recovered from LM infection,and six patients had abortion or fetal death in uterus.All the ten pregnant women had different degrees of eating cold food or unclean diet history within four weeks before infection,mainly eating raw fruits,cooked meat products and eating out.The main dietary hygiene habits problems were untimely refrigerator cleaning,uncooked and cooked food chopping boards not being used separately.Conclusions The adverse consequences of LM infection during pregnancy are serious,we should pay attention to the diet history of pregnant women with corresponding symptoms,and strengthen health education during pregnancy and delivery,avoid eating unclean diet,improve food hygiene habits to avoid LM infection during pregnancy.