国家话语权建构视域下的中国文学外译70年回视

To Construct the National Power of Discourse:The Translation of Chinese Literature in the Past Seven Decades

我国国家翻译实践下的中国文学外译,从1951年《中国文学》英文期刊创刊,至今已70余年。这条具有时代特征和中国特色的译出之路,承载着国家的意志、形象和理念。在当时世界冷战格局及冷战思维的语境下,中国人民为了积极构建国家话语权、树立国家正确形象,进行着翻译领域上的开拓和创新,不仅成就了一部新中国以来翻译界的奋斗史和精神史,为翻译学提供了“中国经验”和“中国方案”,而且为保持自身独立性的国家和民族话语权构建、文化的平等交流,以及对世界文学和文化多元化发展的促进,提供了有益的尝试和借鉴。因此,中国文学外译也亟待学界对其价值和意义进行重新审视和思考。

It has been seven decades ever since the launch of Chinese Literature as a periodical carrying English translations of Chinese literature for the international readership in 1951.This outbound translation activity,as part of the national translating practice,bore the responsibility to convey the national will,image and ideology of the People's Republic of China and was marked with characteristics of the time.Under the circumstance of the Cold War,the Chinese government had but to construct its own national power of discourse by means of the national translating activity.This national endeavor has opened up new arenas for translation studies with Chinese insights and solutions.Moreover,for those nations which would aspire to maintain their own national and ethnic identities in inter-cultural communications,this experience also shed lights on how to construct their own power of discourse,how to engage in equal communication,as well as how to enhance world literature.