基于国家专利的中药复方干预血管性认知障碍的数据挖掘研究

Data-mining of National Patent Chinese Medicinal Compound Prescriptions Against Vascular Cognitive Impairment

目的系统分析中药复方专利干预血管性认知障碍的用药及配伍规律,为中药新方研发提供参考。方法计算机检索国家知识产权局(http://epub.sipo.gov.cn/)建库至2022年12月31日期间干预血管性认知障碍的中药复方专利数据,运用R语言和SPSS 26.0软件进行频数统计、Apriori关联规则建模分析与聚类分析,通过Cytoscape 3.9.1软件计算拓扑学属性值并构建核心复杂网络。结果纳入1996年3月—2022年9月期间治疗血管性认知障碍的中药复方专利共108项,涉及药味273味,高频药物有:石菖蒲(47次,43.52%)、川芎(38次,35.19%)、丹参(30次,27.78%)、黄芪(25次,23.15%)等。常用药对有丹参-何首乌、何首乌-石菖蒲、丹参-黄芪等。角药组合有:丹参-何首乌-石菖蒲、丹参-黄芪-川芎、丹参-远志-石菖蒲等。新处方有“石菖蒲、何首乌、川芎、人参、黄芪、水蛭、丹参、熟地黄、三七、远志、茯苓、当归、天麻、甘草”等。潜在处方有“金银花-栀子-水牛角-黄芩-板蓝根-珍珠母”“波缘楤木-扁担杆-安息香-马桑寄生-短穗兔耳草”等。结论国家中药复方专利治疗血管性认知障碍以补肾填精、化痰祛瘀、开窍健脑等为主,体现了血管性认知障碍的临床治疗原则。

Objective To systematically analyze the medication and compatibility patterns of national patent Chinese medicinal compound prescriptions used in the intervention in vascular cognitive impairment,aiming to provide references for the development of new Chinese medicinal prescriptions.Methods The patent data of Chinese medicinal compound prescriptions related to the intervention in vascular cognitive impairment were retrieved from the China National Intellectual Property Administration(http://epub.sipo.gov.cn/)from inception to December 31,2022.The R language and SPSS 26.0 software were employed for frequency statistics,Apriori association rule modeling analysis,and cluster analysis.Topological attributes were calculated using Cytoscape 3.9.1 to construct a core complex network.Results A total of 108 national patents of Chinese medicinal compound prescriptions against vascular cognitive impairment were included from March 1996 to September 2022.These patents involved 273 herbs.High-frequency herbs included Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma(47 times,43.52%),Persimmon(38 times,35.19%),Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma(30 times,27.78%),and Astragali Radix(25 times,23.15%).Common herbal pairs included Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Polygoni Multiflori Radix,Polygoni Multiflori Radix-Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma,and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Astragali Radix.Common ternary combinations included Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Polygoni Multiflori Radix-Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma,Polygoni Multiflori Radix-Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma-Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Astragali Radix-Persimmon,Salviae Miltiorrhizae-Polygon Multiflori-Acorus Calamus.New formulas consisted of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma,Polygoni Multiflori Radix,Chuanxiong Rhizoma,Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Astragali Radix,Hirudo,Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata,Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Polygalae Radix,Poria,Angelicae Sinensis Radix,Gastrodiae Rhizoma,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,etc.Potential formulas included Lonicerae Japonicae Flos-Gardeniae Fructus-Bubali Cornu-Astragali Radix-Isatidis Radix,and Aralia undulata-Grewia biloba-Benzoinum-Taxilli Herba-Lagotis brachystachya.Conclusion National patent Chinese medicinal compound prescriptions for treating vascular cognitive impairment primarily focus on the principles of nourishing the kidney,replenishing essence,eliminating phlegm,resolving stasis,opening the orifices,and invigorating the brain,reflecting the clinical treatment principles for vascular cognitive impairment.