检察机关参与:反外国制裁工作的另一种进路

The Procuratorates'Participation:Another Approach to Counteracting Foreign Sanctions

中国的阻断立法相较欧盟起步较晚,目前的反外国制裁工作机制及相关立法尚不成体系,一方面缺乏阻断法与其他部门法之间的衔接配合,影响了包括检察机关在内的司法机关参与反外国制裁工作的作用发挥,另一方面缺乏包括以检察机关为代表的司法系统在内的各国家机关之间的协调,制约了反外国制裁的工作质效。在现有机制的运作上,反外国制裁受保护主体还面临着极大压力,尤其在新时代的背景下,探索检察机关在支持反制裁机制中的工作进路既必要又可行。立法可以进一步明确司法系统在反制裁工作机制中的作用,检察机关可以主动调整民事检察公益诉讼和民事支持起诉的适用范围,还可以借由国外的“法庭之友”制度在法庭上为受保护主体提供帮助。

China's counteracting legislation started later in comparison with that of the EU,and the current working mechanism of counteracting foreign sanctions and relevant legislation are not yet systematic.On one hand,the connection and cooperation between the counteracting legislation and other areas of laws are absent,which affects the role of judicial organs including procuratorial organs in participating in the undertaking of counteracting foreign sanctions.On the other hand,the coordination among various state organs including the judicial system represented by the prosecutorial organs is absent,which restricts the quality and effectiveness of counteracting foreign sanctions.In terms of the operation of existing mechanism,the subjects protected through counteracting foreign sanctions are still facing great pressure,thus it is necessary and feasible to explore the working approach of procuratorial organs in supporting the mechanism of counteracting sanctions,especially in the context of the new era.Thus legislation may further clarify the role of judicial system in the mechanism of counteracting sanctions.Moreover,the procuratorial organs may take the initiative to adjust the scope of application of civil procuratorial public interest litigation and support for civil action,and additionally offer assistance to protected subjects in court through the foreign system of"a micus".